What role does "Centralized Traffic Control (CTC)" play in train operations?

Centralized Traffic Control (CTC) plays a critical role in train operations by authorizing and governing movements according to signals and instructions from a Railway Traffic Controller (RTC). CTC systems allow for real-time monitoring and management of train movements across a network, enhancing safety and efficiency. By using signals to communicate with locomotives and their crews, CTC ensures that trains operate in a safe manner, preventing collisions and maintaining schedules. This centralized control allows for a coordinated approach to moving trains through various territories, making it a vital component of modern rail operations.

In contrast, while speed limits are an important aspect of train operation, CTC itself does not directly limit speed for all trains but rather facilitates safe movements. It is not focused solely on yard operations, as CTC oversees much broader areas, including main tracks. Additionally, maintenance coordination is outside the primary function of CTC, focusing instead on train movement regulation.