What can affect the operation of a train aside from human error?

The physical characteristics of the track can significantly affect train operations. These characteristics include the gauge of the track (distance between the rails), the quality of the rail itself, the condition of ties and ballast, the gradients of the track, and any curves or turns in the track layout.

For instance, if the track is uneven, has defects, or improper alignment, it can lead to derailments or unsafe operating conditions for trains. Additionally, tracks that do not meet the necessary specifications can hinder the speed and stability of the train, affecting overall performance and safety.

While passenger comfort, weather reports, and train length offer considerations for train operations, they do not directly impact the mechanical and structural integrity of the track itself, which is crucial for safe and efficient train movement.